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</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">“The Peace Spy” first appeared in </font><i><font color="#000000" size="3">Isaac Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine</font></i><font color="#000000" size="3"> in 1986 and is reprinted in
</font><i><font color="#000000" size="3">Endangered Species</font></i><font color="#000000" size="3">.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">SUMMARY: Sonja Aralov invites “Charles C. Percival” into her
apartment, believing him to be an American who will help her return to the
Soviet Union.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">However, his real name is
Krasilnikov, and after some small talk about her furniture and the other
Russians living in the United States as part of the guest exchange, Krasilnikov
thinks that she does not know as much as she believes.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">Krasilnikov says he has no intention of bringing her
complaint to court where it could be stalled for perhaps five years, and
insists that his methods will get her to return within five months. He
identifies her father as the Minister of Marine, the equivalent of the
Secretary of the Navy, and she goes to give him a check.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">He refrains from checking for American
listening devices.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">He asks about her father, and she replies that it was
strange and terrible and her eyes fill with tears, at which point “he felt
something he had thought dead since childhood move inside him.” She describes
how the President’s son, a dancer, was visiting Moscow and decided to stay as “security
against nuclear attack … just after [the Soviet Union’s] Party Secretary had
said </font><i><font color="#000000" size="3">we</font></i><font color="#000000" size="3"> would never fire the first
missile.”</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">Others came, and soon the children of influential Russians
decided to come to the United States as security as well. “She threw back her
hair, her yes gleaming, and he thrilled as if to the call of a trumpet. “Oh,
they tried to stop us, but they could not send us to the gulag … they had to
let us go, and they did.” </font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">However, she now wants to go back, because there is fighting
in the east, and she feels she could do something, like become a nurse or even
fight.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">Then her real reason for wanting
to leave comes out: “I am so lonely here.”</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">He says there are other Russians there, and that it seems
her father doesn’t want to see her.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">He
sent money until she said she was returning, then she heard nothing more. </font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">Here, “his hand touched hers. ‘Has it ever occurred to you
that perhaps your father doesn’t really want you to return to Russian? …How do
you know he’s not secretly proud of you?”</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">She says he doesn’t understand her country and Russian
families, and Krasilnikov thinks, “He should have been proud, and he told
himself to be proud but the thing that had awakened was weeping in his chest.”</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">Here he claims to be proud of the President’s
son, maintaining the ruse that he is American.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">He offers to return her check, and says that if she still
wants to return home they will see a lot of each other.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">She burned her passport when she arrived and
reveals that her real resentment is building towards the American government of
putting every possible obstacle in her path. </font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">He suggest that things must be done his way if she wants
help and that she should get a green card and finds work to “pay the rent on
this apartment and maybe some legal fees.”</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">He tells her she is wearing a beautiful dress, which
flatters her, and then tells her not to wear it to find real work, then
suggests that she tries modeling, perhaps only having to lose ten pounds (“Not
for a man … but for a modeling agency, maybe.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3">
</font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">We’ll let Madame Deppe decide.”)</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">She agrees to go meet his Madame and attain a green card,
and the phone rings.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">When he answers the
phone at her request, a man says they are sending the actor Ipatiev to “hold
her” and he thinks “Unless he goes to Hollywood.”</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">When Sonja returns, he says the call was intended
for him. Noticing the Time subscription, he thinks it a valid way to trace
every agent, and looks at the current issue to see stories of the Chinese in
Kazakhstan and the Red Army stopped before Paris. He thinks, “Better than when
we were all so afraid, though at least we had peace.”</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">COMMENTARY: </font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">The political message of the story is actually fairly deep:
now that there are hostages in the two countries against the threat of nuclear
war, the nations have nothing to fear … and is revealed in the final line,
without that fear, even though it really hasn’t been mentioned explicitly, the
world is now at war, with the Russians actually marching towards France.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">For the majority of the story, it seemed as
if the world were now at peace thanks to this bold and self-sacrificing move,
but it served to prevent only the threat of total annihilation and not
war.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">Krasilnikov’s motives are equally murky – even though he
seems to be working to get her “out” of the United States in his American
persona, working against the wishes of America, he drops enough hints and
flatters her enough to suggest she creates roots there in seeking a green card
and employment .</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">Indeed, his flirtation
and compliments create a kind of hopeful link for their future meetings,
manipulating her away from her view that her presence there is useless and
lonely.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">The motives of the United States and the Soviet Union are
actually marginally altruistic at first glance in this story – they want to
avoid the final nuclear war at all cost, so they keep “voluntary” hostages of
the other side, something which seemed fine to the main character, Sonja, until
loneliness and another purpose enter her mind. The United States is reluctant
to let her leave, and she willingly destroyed her passport on arrival.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">However, since the Secretary of the Navy has
stopped sending money to his daughter, and there is war blossoming, it seems
that the nations simply want war without the threat of mutual assured
destruction.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">From the title, “The Peace Spy”, we can assume that
Krasilnikov is actually working to keep Sonja in the country, though there are
so many ambiguities involved in his assignment that his position is very hard
to determine exactly. His flattery seems to distract her very effectively. The
United States hopes to get her to stay by bringing over a famous Russian actor
and possibly fostering a relationship, but Krasilnikov knows this will be
thwarted by the actor’s Hollywood ambitions – why would he stay with her in New
York?</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">On a first reading it almost seems
that Krasilnikov would actually cause Ipatiev to go to Hollywood and never meet
Sonja, but I think this is a misreading – he simply knows that the actor will
have further ambitions leading him away from her. Krasilnikov’s other hints (that
she needs to find work, taking all the money that she has, and planting the
idea that her father is proud of her and does not want her to return despite
his earlier angry letters) seem designed to keep her in the United States. In
the final analysis, if he is actually a spy who desires peace, he would help
her go.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">However, since he says that the
situation they have is “better” than when they were afraid, it is clear that
his motivation is to keep the system exactly like it is: hostages against
ultimate nuclear destruction while war blossoms in the world.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">NAMES:</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">The Russian names mentioned in passing as hostages (or “guests”)
are by and large those of military heroes or important political figures in
Russia during Lenin’s and Trotsky’s time in particular. Symbolically these
peace loving people have actually allowed war to occur since the ultimate
threat no longer lingers, and they have become war heroes.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">The most interesting is the name of Madame Deppe, who will
decide which career Sonja should pursue, as the name implies a practical joker
or professional comedian, right after Krasilnikov hints she should be a model.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">Sonja Aralov: Sonja means ”wisdom”, a Russian variant of
Sophia, and Aralov was the first head of the Soviet Red Army Intelligence
Directorate and served a pivotal role for Lenin against Trotsky form his placement
in the GRU. Perhaps her wisdom is in recognizing, beyond her loneliness, that
the altruistic gambit has actually failed, and war resulted anyway.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">Charles Percival – Charles can be derived from “warrior” or “army”,
but it is also related to Karl, or “free man”.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3">
</font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">Percival is of course the knight of the round table questing for the
holy grail with Galahad, in some stories failing to answer the questions of the
fisher king and heal him in others recovering the grail with Galahad.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">Krasilnikov: In </font><i><font color="#000000" size="3">White
Terror: Cossack Warlords of the Trans-Siberian</font></i><font color="#000000" size="3">, Bisher writes:</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt 0.5in;text-indent:2.25pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">In Omsk, the
capital of free Russia, a lackadaisically concealed monarchist gang calling
itself the Mikhailkovski Hunting and Fishing Society ferreted out Socialist-Revolutionary
members of the constituent Assembly and sent them to the ‘Kingdom of the Irtysh’,
in other words, murdered them and fed them to the fish.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">A prominent hunter was Ataman I.N.
Krasilnikov, renowned for leading a reluctant Omsk orchestra in ‘God Save the
Tsar’ with his pistol, who orchestrated the kidnapping of Constituent
Assemblyman V.N. Moiseyeko and presumably presided over the latter’s torture and
ritual tossing into the Irtysh. … It did not bode well for a government that
claimed to be striving to restore law and order. (117)</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">I believe his name might be related to the concept of
beauty, but my understanding of Russian and the paucity of sources available
concerning name meanings lead me to latch onto war references rather than the
actual meanings of the names.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">Lebedev means Swan, and there are several military “Heroes
of the Soviet Union” of that name.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">The most famous Deniken was a Lieutenant General of the
Imperial Russian Army and an important general of the White movement in the
Russian Civil War.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">Mikhalevo is a place name in Russia, and Nina implies “grace”.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">Ipatiev, the actor who theoretically will keep Sonja there,
shares the name with a rather famous building: Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg
where the former Emperor Nicholas II of Russia was murdered with his family and
household.</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">UNANSWERED QUESTIONS: Does Krasilnikov have more personal
motives for seeking to work with Sonja, such as fostering a relationship?</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">Sapping her funds and encouraging her to find
a flattering career indicate he doesn’t really want her to leave, especially since
the deal involves him keeping the retainer whether she is freed from America or
not.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">Has something terrible happened to Sonja’s father, are his
letters and money being intercepted, or is Krasilnikov’s claims that her father
is secretly proud of her true?</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">It seems
that Krasilnikov is lying here to plant the idea that her father is actually
proud of her, but can’t show it, so that she will decide to stay. </font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">Is her father interested in fostering and
spreading war as the Secretary of the Navy?</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font color="#000000" face="Calibri" size="3">CONNECTION TO OTHER WORKS:</font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font><p style="margin:0in 0in 10pt"><font face="Calibri"><font color="#000000" size="3">The central idea here, that children of influential people
would be held as hostages against aggression, certainly has historical
precedent but also appears in Wolfe’s most famous series and is the very reason
that Thecla is even there to meet Severian – the exultants must provide a
representative of their family in the clutches of the Autarch to assure their
compliance with his edicts and commands. Russian names and references may also
be found in “Cherry Jubilee”, but Wolfe is far more apt to make German and
Irish references in his work.</font><span><font color="#000000" size="3"> </font></span><font color="#000000" size="3">The idea
that the threat of nuclear war is actually beneficial for maintaining the peace
does not seem to be found extensively in Wolfe, as the fear at the end of “How
I Lost the Second World War and Helped Turn Back the German Invasion” saw the
threat as almost entirely ominous.</font></font></p><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman" size="3">
</font></div>