<div dir="ltr">This is probably my favorite Wolfe short story, and the first I read. It blew the top of my head off.</div><div class="gmail_extra"><br><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Sun, Aug 10, 2014 at 7:59 PM, Marc Aramini <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:marcaramini@gmail.com" target="_blank">marcaramini@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">“<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
Detective of Dreams” first appeared in <i>Dark Forces</i> in 1980.
It is recollected in <i>Endangered Species</i>.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">SUMMARY:
A man identifying himself as Herr D—enters the narrator’s office
on the rue Madeleine, probably in Paris, and hires him to get to the
bottom of a series of dreams, for which his offered reward reeks of
hyperbole: “Find and destroy the Dream-Master … and you shall sit
upon a chair of gold, if that is your wish, and eat from a table of
gold as well.” The narrator reveals that he knows the real identity
of Herr D--, which is that of Baron H—of the secret police of K--.
</font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
narrator makes his preparations, pinches his female assistant Andree,
and leaves by train across the Alps to arrive at the station of I--.
He makes his way to his first contact, a woman who sells lacey
dresses in a stripped and compartmentalized ex-church, now housing a
series of small shops and booths. He encounters Fraulein A--, who
tells him of her fine dresses and tries to suppress tears. The
narrator expresses surprise at her single status, and Fraulein A--
reveals she has no interest in men or women. When pressed, she
reveals her nightly repeating dream (also mentioning Freud)– she
passes through a narrow gate and sees a sumptuous feast, but she is
dressed in only a plain dress such as she works in, and she is cast
out by a man she seems to recognize, who is tall, robed like a king,
and wears a strange crown (probably of thorns). She is cast out into
the garden, where she smells a terrible beast, and wakes up. No
matter what she wears to sleep, the dream is the same.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">He
then goes to discuss the dreams with another victim, Herr R--, a
banker. He tells of his youth selling cabbage leaf rolls and how he
has not put his mother up in the finest house in Lindau, and reveals
that in his dream the Dream-Master has hurt his hand. In his dreams,
he is an important man who is summoned by the owner of a large and
opulent house, the same as in Fraulein A--'s dream, to an accounting.
He is told that he owes a certain sum he cant remember, then begs
and weeps for mercy. He says, “several times I have told him that
I am a wealthy man in this world, and that if only he would permit me
to make payment in its currency, I would do so immediately.” The
master replies, “That is a dream – you must know it by now. You
cannot expect to pay a rel debt with the currency of sleep.” After
Herr R-- falls at his feet like a child, the master says, “You
would never be able to pay all you owe, and you are a false and
dishonest servant. But your debt is forgiven, forever.” Herr R--
goes to burn the ledger page that contains his debt, but is met with
another servant, who owes him a trifling sum, and he seizes him by
the throat and demands payment. The owner sees him in disapproval,
and the dream ends with a door to the chamber being opened by a vile,
reptilian hand that strikes Herr R-- with dread.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
next day our narrator meets with Baron H-- again and demands to know
who is really behind the inquiry, and it is revealed that the
countess of the province herself is having nightmares. Her husband
fears assassination, and the narrator goes to see her and here of her
dream, in which her husband is going to hold an execution in the
garden which mirrors Christ's crucifixion, with modern weapons. She
begs her husband not to, for she sees that the reflection of the
count in the Dream-Master's eyes is the real count. At the end of
the dream, the count gives the order to continue, and “the soldiers
fire. The Dream-Master falls forward, though his bonds hold him to
the tree. And Karl flies to bloody rags beside me.”</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
detective determines that they all cross the main street, the
Hauptstrasse, at approximately the same point, and he goes there to
observe. Eventually, he himself feels observed. Finally, he realizes
the identity of the Dream-Master. “The stupidity, the wonderful
stupidity of myself, who had not recognized his old stories! … For
the Dream-Master had set up His own picture, and full length and in
the most gorgeous colors, in his window. He goes into the church and
the priest gives him communion: “I knelt, and there … I destroyed
the Dream-Master as He has been sacrificed so often, devouring his
white, wheaten flesh that we might all possess life without end.
Dear people, dream on.”</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">COMMENTARY:</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Wolfe
has listed “The Detective of Dreams” as one of his favorite short
stories in a few interviews; here, the didactic message is easily
discernible to those with any familiarity of the parables of Jesus of
Nazareth. The victims of the Dream-Master see His face frequently
but are unable to recognize it in their dreams, instead seeking a
physical cause for their terrors. This lack of familiarity with the
spiritual grants their visions the quality of terror – and it is
the endings of the dreams that allow a more horrific message to creep
into the story – the looming threat of their fears realized, a
nameless terror almost as eldritch as the fantasy of Lovecraft. This
is especially clear in the dreams of the banker Herr R--, who sees a
little more of the creature’s arm each day as the door to damnation
opens bit by bit, inexorably. He wants to stop it, but cannot
comprehend the spiritual change necessary to impede the opening door
of damnation because he is too much a part of this world, which, at
least in this story, is but a dream of the spiritual reality.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Underneath
the story lies the certainty of the encroachment of the modern world
on hallowed traditions: the church has become partitioned shops, the
great house of the nobility has become a bank, and, all too soon, the
monarchy and nobility of Germany will shatter, too, with Austria and
Prussia and all these nations changed and perhaps even dissolved as
World War II comes to shake the earth.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">What
are the failings of these individuals? Fraulein A lives without
love; her chastity is sterile, and she feels little affection for
either women or men. Her attempt to put on a dress worthy of the
wedding does not hide that she herself has no appreciation for the
symbolic love behind the wedding ceremony. Herr R—has gotten by on
understanding men to exploit their psychological whims, a banker who
does not have a sense for numbers. Even though the parable lists the
debts at ten thousand talents, he can never remember what he owes,
for it is kindness, forgiveness, and a surrender of profit that he
truly owes, something he cannot put into words or wrap his mind
around. </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">In
his dream we see the concept of demons as servants of God: “I am
aware that the owner possesses certain other servants, who have never
been under my direction … they are hideous, vile, and cruel; I know
too that he thinks me but little better than they, and that as he
permits me to serve him, so he allows them to serve him also.” </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
Countess' dream has its own form of punishment that is more certain
than the slowly opening door of Herr R--: since the Count will have
no mercy, this quality prompts his own explosion. </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
dualistic world view Wolfe presents is nowhere more clearly stated
than in the dream of the Countess von V--: “In my dream quite
suddenly, his eyes seem far, far larger than mine, and far more
beautiful, and in them I see reflected the figure of my husband …
it is his reflection, and not the man who stands near me, who is the
real Karl. The man I have thought real is only a reflection of that
reflection.”</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">It
is tempting to relegate “The Detective of Dreams” to nothing but
an exegesis of superstitious faith, a celebration of that mystery,
that, to those steeped in the iconography and history of the Church,
is obvious. The identity of the Dream-Master with the Eucharist is
taken quite literally - “This is My Body, which will be given up
for you.” It represents a sacrifice for salvation that is reenacted
with every taking of communion, one which is lost as these various
individuals continue to exercise their will and desires and see the
warnings as secular threats rather than a call to a different kind of
reformation.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">LITERARY
ALLUSIONS</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Especially
in 18<sup>th</sup> and 19<sup>th</sup> century fiction, the practice
of replacing character names with a letter, such as Squire B—in
Richardson’s <i>Pamela</i> (recast as Squire Booby in Fielding’s
<i>Shamela</i>), was quite common, and the motivation for doing so
has several explanations. One is to lend the story universality –
devoid of place names and given names, the characters, and especially
the settings, can become any place without the author having to make
sure every intersection in the story is properly placed. Dickens in
particular eschewed this practice, but here the model most obviously
in play is Poe’s “The Purloined Letter”, which never names its
influential cast, from the prefect of police, G--, to the amoral
minister, D--. The hero, Dupin, uses the methods of logic and
deduction coupled with a creative imagination to solve mysteries, and
also lives in Paris. </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
other reason for the elided proper names is derivative of the early
conceit of the realistic novel, that the actual events were something
like a memoir or happenstance that, to protect those involved or
avoid scandal, replaced the names with letters. Why then does Wolfe
use this technique, but give the first name of Count Karl von V--?
In addition, we have a German speaking community near the alps
accessible via train in a time after Freud's publications and the
death of an Emperor, so the concealment only works to a certain
degree of exactness.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">It
is interesting that only in his current case does the detective of
dreams omit names, as he boasts of his previous credentials with full
names, which are touched on below.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">More
frustrating, however, is the difficulty of placing the story
completely in a setting because of these almost random letters, and,
even though it might be a waste of time, we will examine this more
below. It might be that the letters are arbitrary, though we do know
that Herr R puts his mother up in Lindau, in Bavaria (which does have
a part of the Alps within its borders). Near Lindau is a small city
called Immenstadt which has a train station, but none of the other
letters seem to match up unless we transport the action to Austria –
it seems that the theme, that this world is the dream, makes the
setting less important than the “real” waking world – the
spiritual one.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Even
though it is commonly regarded as a 19<sup>th</sup> century detective
tale, it is actually set in the early parts of the 20<sup>th</sup>
century before World War II forever changed the ideological
landscape, and this transitional point is one of the themes – the
characters are approaching the modern world in their understanding
and concerns, and they are faced with a spiritual puzzle they are ill
equipped to deal with.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Perhaps
an additional reference is to the work of Chesterton, especially The
Everlasting Man, which Wolfe mentions in his afterword to the story
in <i>The Best of Gene Wolfe. </i><span style="font-style:normal">There
are a few interesting passages about dreams in Chesterton's text:</span></font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:0.49in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Out
of some dark forest under some ancient dawn there must come towards
us, with lumbering yet dancing motions, one of the very queerest of
the prehistoric creatures. We must see for the first time the
strangely small head set on a neck not only longer but thicker than
itself, as the face of a gargoyle is thrust out … the feet, each
like a solid club of horn, alone amid the feet of so many cattle so
that the true fear is to be found in showing, not the cloven, but the
uncloven hoof. Nor is it mere verbal fancy to see him thus as a
unique monster … but the point is that when we see him thus as the
first man saw him, we begin once more to have some imaginative sense
of what it meant when the first man rode him. In such a dream he may
seem ugly, but he does not seem unimpressive; and certainly that two
legged dwarf who could get on top of him will not seem unimpressive.
… In other words, I say it is better to see a horse as a monster
than to see it only as a slow substitute for a motor-car.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in;margin-left:0.5in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">I
am convinced that if we could tell the supernatural story of Christ
word for word as of a Chinese hero, all him the Son of Heaven instead
of the Son of God, and trace his rayed nimbus in the gold tread of
Chinese embroideries or the gold lacquer of Chinese potter, instead
of in the gold leaf of our own old Catholic paintings, there would be
a unanimous testimony to the spiritual purity of the story.” (from
Chesterton's Preface to T<i>he Everlasting Man</i>)</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Removed
from his religious context and put in a nightmare, Christ invokes
that strange terror that the image of a horse might in a dream when
all its strangeness is actually clarified.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">BIBLICAL
ALLUSIONS</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Wolfe
seems attracted to the idea of Christ as a teller of instructional
stories, which are here recast as dreams with ominous implications.
The stigmata in his hands from the crucifixion are obvious, and the
majority of these scenes can be easily found as parables in the
gospel of Matthew, though there is a significant overlap in content
in the synoptic gospels. </font></font>
</p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Fraulein A—‘s
dream is from the parable of the wedding banquet, found in Matthew
22:1-14, quoted below from the New King James Version, but her dream
starts with the garden and gate: “it’s not a large gate for
wagons or carriages, but a small one, so narrow I can hardly get
through. Have you read the writings of Dr. Freud of Vienna? … I
am sure he would say that entering that gate meant sexual commerce.”
This talk of a gate involves the start of Matthew 7:13-14 -</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<br><br>
</p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>13</sup>Enter
by the narrow gate; for wide <i>is</i> the gate and broad <i>is</i>
the way that leads to destruction, and there are many who go in by
it. <sup>14</sup>Because narrow <i>is</i> the gate and difficult <i>is</i>
the way which leads to life, and there are few who find it.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
narrator is quick to dismiss the possibility of sexual repression,
for the Fraulein's problem is quite the opposite – an asexuality
born of indifference to humanity. Here is the parable of the wedding
banquet:</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">22And Jesus answered
and spoke to them again by parables and said: <sup>2</sup>“The
kingdom of heaven is like a certain king who arranged a marriage for
his son, <sup>3</sup>and sent out his servants to call those who were
invited to the wedding; and they were not willing to come. <sup>4</sup>Again,
he sent out other servants, saying, ‘Tell those who are invited,
“See, I have prepared my dinner; my oxen and fatted cattle <i>are</i>
killed, and all things <i>are</i> ready. Come to the wedding.”’
<sup>5</sup>But they made light of it and went their ways, one to his
own farm, another to his business. <sup>6</sup>And the rest seized
his servants, treated <i>them</i> spitefully, and killed <i>them.</i>
<sup>7</sup>But when the king heard <i>about it,</i> he was furious.
And he sent out his armies, destroyed those murderers, and burned up
their city. <sup>8</sup>Then he said to his servants, ‘The wedding
is ready, but those who were invited were not worthy. <sup>9</sup>Therefore
go into the highways, and as many as you find, invite to the
wedding.’ <sup>10</sup>So those servants went out into the highways
and gathered together all whom they found, both bad and good. And the
wedding <i>hall</i> was filled with guests.</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>11</sup>“But
when the king came in to see the guests, he saw a man there who did
not have on a wedding garment. <sup>12</sup>So he said to him,
‘Friend, how did you come in here without a wedding garment?’ And
he was speechless. <sup>13</sup>Then the king said to the servants,
‘Bind him hand and foot, take him away, and<sup> </sup>cast <i>him</i>
into outer darkness; there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>14</sup>“For
many are called, but few <i>are</i> chosen.”</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<br><br>
</p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Fraulein A’s
ending puts a far more sinister and implied threat into the outer
darkness, which has encroached upon the garden around the estate:
“some terrible beast has entered the garden. I smell it – like
the hyena cage at the Tiergarten – as the door opens. And then I
wake up.”</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<br><br>
</p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The banker Herr R—‘s
dream is from the parable of the unforgiving servant, found in
Matthew 18:21-35 -</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>21</sup>Then
Peter came to Him and said, “Lord, how often shall my brother sin
against me, and I forgive him? Up to seven times?”</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>22</sup>Jesus
said to him, “I do not say to you, up to seven times, but up to
seventy times seven. <sup>23</sup>Therefore the kingdom of heaven is
like a certain king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants.
<sup>24</sup>And when he had begun to settle accounts, one was
brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents. <sup>25</sup>But as
he was not able to pay, his master commanded that he be sold, with
his wife and children and all that he had, and that payment be made.
<sup>26</sup>The servant therefore fell down before him, saying,
‘Master, have patience with me, and I will pay you all.’ <sup>27</sup>Then
the master of that servant was moved with compassion, released him,
and forgave him the debt.</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>28</sup>“But
that servant went out and found one of his fellow servants who owed
him a hundred denarii; and he laid hands on him and took <i>him</i>
by the throat, saying, ‘Pay me what you owe!’ <sup>29</sup>So his
fellow servant fell down at his feet and begged him, saying, ‘Have
patience with me, and I will pay you all.’ <sup>30</sup>And he
would not, but went and threw him into prison till he should pay the
debt. <sup>31</sup>So when his fellow servants saw what had been
done, they were very grieved, and came and told their master all that
had been done. <sup>32</sup>Then his master, after he had called him,
said to him, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt
because you begged me. <sup>33</sup>Should you not also have had
compassion on your fellow servant, just as I had pity on you?’
<sup>34</sup>And his master was angry, and delivered him to the
torturers until he should pay all that was due to him.</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>35</sup>“So
My heavenly Father also will do to you if each of you, from his
heart, does not forgive his brother his trespasses.”</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<br><br>
</p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">While the banker is
incapable of remembering the sum of ten thousand talents, it seems
that there are also other things he owes the Dream Master – mercy,
forgiveness, and compassion for his fellow man. The difference in
both of these parables is that, beyond a secular punishment, we see
the promise of hell:</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<br><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
throne of gold that Baron H-- offered our narrator might also echo
Matthew 19: 28-30, presaging the narrator's consumption of the body
of Christ.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">28</font></font></sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">So
Jesus said to them, </font></font><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">“Assuredly
I say to you, that in the regeneration, when the Son of Man sits on
the throne of His glory, you who have followed Me will also sit on
twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.</font></font><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
</font></font><sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">29</font></font></sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">And
everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or
mother or wife or children or lands, for My name’s sake, shall
receive a hundredfold, and inherit eternal life.</font></font><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
</font></font><sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">30</font></font></sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">But
many </font></font><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><i>who
are</i></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
first will be last, and the last first.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Chapter
7 of the Gospel of Matthew holds many of the themes which are found
in the dream of the Count (it is reprinted in its entirety in the
discussion of “Many Mansions.)</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
damnation we see threatened in the dreams certainly has biblical
precedent, as in Matthew 25:41-46-</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>41</sup>“Then
He will also say to those on the left hand, ‘Depart from Me, you
cursed, into the everlasting fire prepared for the devil and his
angels: <sup>42</sup>for I was hungry and you gave Me no food; I was
thirsty and you gave Me no drink; <sup>43</sup>I was a stranger and
you did not take Me in, naked and you did not clothe Me, sick and in
prison and you did not visit Me.’</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><sup>44</sup>“Then
they also will answer Him, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see You
hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and
did not minister to You?’ <sup>45</sup>Then He will answer them,
saying, ‘Assuredly, I say to you, inasmuch as you did not do <i>it</i>
to one of the least of these, you did not do <i>it</i> to Me.’
<sup>46</sup>And these will go away into everlasting punishment, but
the righteous into eternal life.”</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-top:0.02in;margin-bottom:0.02in">
<br><br>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">THE
LETTERS AND THE SETTING</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">If
the late emperor of which our narrator speaks of for popularizing the
beard and mustache is Franz Joseph, then the text actually seems to
be set in the early 20</font></font><sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">th</font></font></sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
century, as Franz died in 1916 (but he did rule from 1848 to 1916 as
Emperor). This could very well make our area a state in Austria if
the letters are accurate at all, probably the state of
Karnten/Carinthia, with Klagenfurt its capital. Klagenfurt had a
large train stop on the Vienna-Trieste railway which was destroyed in
World War II. However, the problem with this is that they are not as
close to the Alps or Lindau as Immenstadt, mentioned above, was, and
perhaps Klagenfurt is too large (though it has some interesting local
stories, since it's name means the ford of complaint – one legend
says that an innocent apprentice was executed over a theft that wound
up being a mistake, and that the lament of the people when they found
out rang out, thus the name of the town). However, the setting might
be forever open to speculation.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
only name that is given amongst those involved is that of Karl, the
husband of the Countess. Karl means free man, and it is this freedom
of choice between good and evil that is implicit in Wolfe’s
Christian fiction. He could select mercy. </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">D--:
The Baron in disguise who hires the detective to hunt the dream
master, he is also the head of the secret police. This is his
mother’s name and the reason he selected the pseudonym.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">H--:
The Baron’s true name</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">K--:
The city, state, or principality which the Baron represents. Could
be Klagenfurt (the city) or Karnten (the state) in Austria.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">I--:
the city or station name which used to the be the capital of a
province (I cannot determine this with any accuracy, unless it simply
implies the Inner Stadt district, unless it is perhaps Immenstadt in
Bavaria rather than Austria)</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">J--:
now a province of K — (could be Jezersko, which was a part of
Karnten)</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">A--:
A rather asexual Fraulein who makes dresses and receives the dream of
the wedding guests</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">M--:
an antique dealer who handles chairs and chests</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">O--:
an antique dealer who stocks pictures</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">G--:
A Frau who calls Fraulein A—a manhater for not receiving her son</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">R--:
A banker who grew up on the streets and made his fortune by
understanding men rather than numbers (Raffgier is one possible
German word for greed, but no other letters seem to echo the traits
on display)</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"> <font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">V--:
The Count and Countess, though it is the Countess von V—who dreams
that her husband Karl is executing the dream master.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Fraulein
A—indicates that the police working under Baron H—are not “our”
police – this could very well show the strange position Austria
occupied at this time, though the city is probably in Germany (or
might even be in Switzerland from the details that we have, though
that is the least likely possibility).</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">THE
DETECTIVES PREVIOUS CASES:</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Paulette
Renan – our narrator found the quince seed in her throat –
Paulette = little, Renan = (seal)? – early mythical and historical
references to apples may have actually referred to the quince, and
the quince seed, if eaten in large quantities, actually can produce
hydrogen cyanide and be toxic. (The quince might have been the actual
forbidden fruit in the story of Adam and Eve, and thus has a special
place in the concept of original sin, which necessitated the presence
of Christ in history, the “new” Adam).</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Captain
Brotte – which means bread, discusses his finds amid the Antarctic
ice, an unexplored region, and his name, bread certainly resonates
with the Eucharist.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Herr
R-- says that he knows of the narrator because of a case concerning a
mummy, and what is a mummy but an attempt to preserve the body for
the afterlife?</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Joan
gift from god O’Neil – grandson of Niall (which could mean
cloud/champion), she lived behind a painting of herself (this echoes
the reflection of the Count in Christ's eyes, in which the reflection
was more “real” than the physical form visible to the eye).</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">All
these cases can in some way liken back to a Christian mystery or an
attempt to pierce the veil of the unknown.</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">UNANSWERED
QUESTIONS:</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Is
this a town in Austria, as I have assumed, or in Bavaria proper or
even the Swiss Alps? The Count von V – answers only to the Queen
Regent (there was a prince regent in Bavaria during this time period,
and we definitely have trains), a Queen Regent I cannot seem to
locate in early 20</font></font><sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">th</font></font></sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
century history near Germany. Can we place the date and city with
more exactitude, and is the identification of the “late” emperor
who popularized a certain kind of mustache and beard not Franz Joseph
I, who died in 1916? From the mention of Freud, who did not publish
his </font></font><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3"><i>Interpretation
of Dreams</i></font></font><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
until 1899-1900 and did not have his group meetings until the early
parts of the 20</font></font><sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">th</font></font></sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
century, this story is actually a 20</font></font><sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">th</font></font></sup><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">
century tale, but is definitely set before World War II. Could it be
after World War I? I feel as if the dissolution of German monarchs
in 1918, with its kingdoms of Prussia, Bavaria, Austria, Saxony, and
Wurrtenberg is definitely yet to come (what a mess those nations
were, making placement of this city almost impossible – setting a
fairly narrow window of time in which the action could occur.)</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">When
Fraulein A-- says “they are not our police”, does she refer to
the fact that they do not work for the people, or that they are a
foreign occupying force?</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">Why
are the dreams striking this city in particular? Is there a larger
reason for the substantiation of divine warning here? Could it be
related to the events that are about to occur in German history and
the widespread persecution of the Jews? Or are we to see it as
individual warnings? </font></font>
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">CONNECTION
TO OTHER WORKS:</font></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Times New Roman, serif"><font size="3">The
overtly Christian works are rarely as unabashed as “The Detective
of Dreams”, and certainly this has much in common with his Sherlock
Holmes pastiches, though it is more serious. This story's
metaphysical underpinnings in which the spiritual world has more of
reality than our physical world can also be found in “Trip, Trap.”</font></font></p>
</div>
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