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<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><a name="_GoBack"></a>TRACKING SONG</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">This was published in 1975's<i> In The
Wake of Man</i> and is included in <i>The Island of Doctor Death and
Other Stories and Other Stories.</i></p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Before we begin, we might as well look
at Wolfe’s words about this particular story in a Joan Gordon
interview:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">“A pivotal story for me is one in
which I feel I have succeeded in doing well something I have never
really done well before – fairy material in “Thag”, a certain
religious viewpoint in “Westwind”, the use of second and third
person in “The Island of Doctor Death and Other Stories”, the
progression from realism to fantasy in “The Eyeflash Miracles”,
even the primitive inventions no one ever actually invented (and
which no one now notices) in “Tracking Song”. Just as “Tracking
Song” is about uninvented inventions of the stone age, “Straw”
is about (partly of course) uninvented inventions of the middle ages.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">“Tracking Song is a wolf totem story,
by the way. The protagonist gets his original orientation from a
wolf tribe, then lives in a world in which the roles of moose, lion,
deer, mink and so on are taken by semi-human beings. Wolves are
winter symbols, or course, and birds symbols of springs.”</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">This statement vastly simplifies our
guesswork about which groups are which, so I am going to actually do
some basic interpretation of that in the summary. Various Urth List
members in the past have speculated on the nature of the particular
tribes cutthroat encounters, some erroneously, but with Wolfe’s
statement it is pretty easy to determine, given the female totem
nature of the otter/mink, which tribes are which, even if it might be
ambiguous on a read-through without that interview statement, and the
Wolfewiki seems to be fairly accurate in this regard.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">(Wiggiki: Wolves, Lenizee: Deer,
Nashwonk: Moose or elk, Mimunka: predatory cat such as a lynx, Ketin:
Lion, Cim Glowing and Fishcatcher: Mink/Otter, Pamigaki: Boars, the
vampires: cranes/herons [they have blue eyes and are unlikely to be
bats, and fish with one leg in the water])</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">SUMMARY:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 1: Cutthroat, so called because of
the red mark from ear to ear on his throat, is found in the wake of a
Great Sleigh's passing by the Wiggiki tribe of hunters. He has a
recorder he speaks into and the presentiment that someone may find
him dead, “though I do not know why”.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 2: The day begins with the women
bringing him possibly medicinal sustenance culled from the trees, and
Cutthroat indicating he wants to contribute more food than he takes.
He familiarizes himself with the club-bow and is surprised at the
conglomerate nature of the vegetation, in which multiple trunks join
in a single top. He is deemed too young to hunt with the men, and
goes to forage with the women. A screaming “girl” from a
different tribe distracts them, and Cutthroat uses the clubbow to
kill her, with mixed feelings about her beauty and animality.
Ketincha, a giant lioness-humanoid, is angered that her prey has been
taken from her, but does not attack. Red Kluy, a matron of the
Wiggiki, indicates that Ketincha and her mate Ketin used to have a
son, who has gone away (probably because he reached maturity and
could not be part of his father's pride). Cutthroat eventually eats
some of the meat, and realizes his facial hair is growing, and
disappears to shave so that it does not give him away as
significantly different.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 3:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Cutthroat joins the men in a hunting
endeavor to go after the large Nashwonk, who lives in solitary
fashion. Cutthroat comes across the huge, long legged humanoid first,
sitting in his chair, which doubles as a weapon with multiple sharp
points tied together by “man” sinew. The Wiggiki and the Nashwonk
Mankiller engage in combat. The leader of the Wiggikki hunting
party, Longknife, manages to hamstring and incapacitate Nashwonk, who
does succeed in crippling the Wiggiki Firerock. They succeed in
killing the Nashwonk and creating a sled to transport his meat back
to the tribe. Here a statement by Longknife presages the quest that
will dominate Cutthroat's destiny: “after we crossed Nashwonk's
path we had to go where he led.” This is where Cutthroat begins to
obsess about the Great Sleigh's path, with its crushed snow.
Longknife indicates that Cutthroat came from that huge traveling
vehicle. Longknife has a discussion prompting Cutthroat to leave so
he is not eaten at this point which brings up the idea of laws, and
the attitudes of the Great Sleigh as well.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">“The people of the Great Sleigh do
not agree, but by our ancient law, every meat may be eaten but man's
meat … The great law is hunger – those who break it die.” It is
clear the people of the Great Sleigh have at least hinted to the
Wiggiki to cease consuming other sentient meat. At this point
Longknife posits that Cutthroat might be cousin to Ketin rather than
a “man”. Cutthroat bargains his share of Nashwonk's meat for a
sail.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 4: Cutthroat returns his clubbow
and leaves. He estimates the Great Sleigh is 60 hours in advance and
learns how to sail his sledge. It is mentioned that there are two
moons in the sky and he digs a hole in the snow after midnight in
which to rest.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 5: Cutthroat almost freezes in the
night and knows he must never sleep thus in the snow again. He finds
plants under the snow on an open slope facing south. He cooks them
using hot stones, but longs for fat. He runs into the short, porcine
Pamigaka, who extend their curved blades in friendship so that he
might teach them wisdom.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">They take him to their home and
indicate that they eat the prey of Wiggikki as the Wiggikki leave
them behind in the snow. They serve the largest portion of a
burrowing animal (the Pummanga) to him. They live in a brush lodge
that Cutthroat deems less satisfactory than the round skin tents of
the Wiggikki. Eggseeker, the chief Pamigaka, indicates that
Cutthroat is of the sled, and that they all resemble the Wiggikki,
but they are not cruel as the Wiggikki are. The possibly lynx-like
Mimmunka attacks, bargaining for the weakest of the Pamigaka. He
wields a polearm ending in cruel hooks made from ribs.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Here the idea of laws come up again,
and Eggseeker mentions that it is their law to preserve their kind
from the beginning. Eggseeker attacks and is mortally injured. A
younger male named Whiteapple does not go after Mimmunka as he flees.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Whiteapple reveals the people of the
Great Sleigh are letting everyone know about the changing temperature
and used their technology that shows a projection of the future
planet. They showed a future with the men of the Great Sleigh
walking peacefully with the Lenizee and the Pamigaka, but they must
not eat foods that are not commonly found, and endangered species
such as a particular bird which will be disturbed by the climate
changes must be left alone. Whiteapple wonders if the law can “reach
behind itself” in culpability, since they have hunted those birds
often. Eggseeker laments that he had not expected to die in front of
a fire.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 6: Cutthroat indicates Eggseeker died in
the night and the cheerful mood of the tribe in anticipation of the
funeral feast. Cutthroat leaves when they begin cutting up his body.
He runs into Cim Glowing, a mink or otter semi-human, running along
the track seeking the Great Sleigh. He elects not to pass her even
though he feels he might catch the Great Sleigh, and notes the stick
which she holds. She jumps aboard with him and reveals that she
seeks it because her mate Fischcatcher is dead. When she comments
on Cutthroat's strength in pushing the sled, he remarks that he was
heavier once (gravity from a different planet, no doubt) She reveals
that he looks a little bit off from the other people on the Great
Sleigh due to his wide mouth and teeth, though perhaps it is just his
expression – that he is more like one of them [the semi-human
beasts].
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Those of the Great Sleigh cured her
mate Fishcatcher after she struck him in the face with her strange
endieva wand (only agreeing to help because their own presence and
the hope she had as a result was causing her torment). Yet no doubt
in another cruel mating, she strikes him again and kills him, so Cim
goes to be a slave and menial for the people of the Great Sleigh. She
is named after something that blows from tree to tree “like a soft
star” by her mother, according to her story. Cutthroat speculates
he would have overtaken the Sleigh if he didn't pick up Cim. She
kills some fish by placing the wand in the water. [While she claims
it is poisoned, things killed by it are soon safe to touch and eat,
and speculation that it is electrical in nature has been raised,
though this does not fit well with Wolfe's statement about Stone Age
weapons.]</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 7: He notes that Cim rekindles the
fire several times during the night. Both moons are in the sky when
he goes to get more wood, and upon his return he sees a group of
shadows abducting Cim. He strikes one only to realize he strikes
metal, and is struck down. He is injured in the chest and reposes in
the snow for several hours, though he thinks it was “only something
like the blow from a whip or the sting of an insect”. He notes that
whatever injured him did not exit his body. He decides to chase Cim
over the fear that he has been exiled from the Great Sleigh or stolen
those clothes. He takes Cim's endieva wand, the most puzzling of the
semi-human weapons on the planet made of wood on the handle with a
striking end that is “black, with eight or ten stubby projections
like thorns, which are nearly white”.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 8: Here Cutthroat may lose track
of time because of the lack of clear day and night. He relates that
he killed a snow monkey with the wand by hitting it, and it took
about half a minute for it to seize up and die. However, he is still
able to eat it. He follows the trail of the kidnappers into the
crevice of a cliff. The air in the cave grows gradually warmer until
Cutthroat opens his coveralls. He notes that he feels closer to the
Great Sleigh – no doubt because the atmosphere and temperature are
similar. He encounters the vampires with their meter long wing spans
and fights them off with the wand, but his coveralls are ripped along
the right forearm. They are described with long webbed fingers, long
legs, dark blue eyes, and cruel pointed teeth. They stand on one leg
and grab fish with the other, leading me to believe that they might
be closer to herons or cranes than bats.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 9: Cutthroat notes the underground
towers and buildings with no walls or roofs, skeletons of metal. The
floor is composed of smooth shingle and the buildings exude light.
He encounters silent machines. The towers seem to have grown from
the floor organically. It is clear that the decay is vastly ancient,
with even metal rusting away unless it is of a very stable alloy. He
enters the skeleton of a building and finds a machine balancing on
wheels with hooked and toothed hands, and it responds to him, and it
speaks the same language he uses, though it has, as Cutthroat
explains, “complexities in the pronunciation of certain words that
I will not try to reproduce.” Cutthroat says it does not seem
strange to him to talk to a machine, though he knows Longknife would
be terrified – further indication that he truly does belong with
the advanced people of the Great Sleigh.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">He asks how long it has stood there and
for food. The machine picks him up and takes him, scaring a vampire
in the process. When the food storage unit fails to admit Cutthroat,
the machine rips its door open. He retrieves a box of white cubes
meant to be dissolved for nourishment and returns to the crevice
where he spent the previous night.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 10: By far the longest and most
eventful entry, Cutthroat begins by noting that he has three of the
machines by the end of the day. He names the first machine Roller and
begins the day by descending to encounter one of the creatures that
took Cim. The creature is partially machine, and the endieva wand
has no effect on it until he grazes the fleshly cheek, at which point
the creature's eyes lose focus and the “human” part dies. The
machine part continues to scrabble after him, reluctant to die.
Cutthroat leaves and, hot from the struggle, slips his body out of
the coverall on top to cool off. He claims this makes the cave
comfortable and “now I believe this was extremely important” -
probably because it makes Mantru fail to realize that he is from off-
world and the Great Sleigh, seeing him without the atmospheric suit
covering him, making Mantru respond differently to him.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">He soon notices that the ground he
walks upon is damp (is this due to his biological presence free from
the coveralls, or simply because the Min wash it and decorate it with
stone flowers at Mantru's bidding?). Only the street is humid in that
way, and he notices “kluy” lying on the street. There are more
stone decorative flowers on this street, and he goes to a different
street to see that it has not been washed, and there are no flowers
there. In front of him, he sees one of the half-mechanical Min lurch
out of the building and place a pole with parallel horns in the
center of the street. He takes up the staff, which feels as if he
had touched a snake. He resists the urge to drop it and believes that
if he had he would have been killed.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">The Min come out en masse and prostrate
themselves before him. They take him to a new building made from the
salvage of the towers, with spiny turrets and balconies. The Min
indicate they are taking him to the place of purity, and he questions
whether they do not consider themselves perfect. He then realizes
that they might be the remnants of men. They ask if he knows of any
women, indicating that Cim Glowing is not a human woman. He meets
the fat dwarf Mantru in his cushioned throne room with Cim chained to
his chair.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">He notes that Cutthroat will die of a
chest wound, and the Min offer to treat him. The dwarf tells them to
take and treat his wound and let him know when Cutthroat dies.
Cutthroat insists on taking Cim, and the dwarf allows it. The Min
indicate that they believe on of his lungs is punctured and offer to
replace it with a mechanical one. Here Cim says, “I think there
used to be far fewer of them – but they divided themselves and
filled the gaps with those things that are unliving,” which the
creature denies.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">The Min tell Cutthroat they bow to
Mantru because they believe him to be the last man, but Cutthroat
asks how they do not know if a group of true people live outside.
Here Cutthroat knows there is something behind his amnesia, but the
Min speculate that he grew up in an isolated valley and watched
everyone die “and knew that when the last was gone you would be
alone, ringed by the beast men who grub roots or gorge themselves on
blood. And at length, when that day came, your mind failed you, and
you wandered away from your valley and the old woman dead by her
fire. Then the Wiggikki found you. Now you are happy, because you
see no difference between the beasts and yourself. But we will make
you whole again.” [This is implausible for a host of reasons,
including his Great Sleigh equipment, knowledge of being heavier, and
a whole host of other reasons including his knowledge of what things
like trees should be].</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Here the Min indicate Cutthroat has
moral force over the beasts, and Cutthroat denies it. The Min want
to heal Cutthroat's perceptions of his equality with the beasts, so
they take him to battle the lion Kettin.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">However, they converse rather than
battle. Ketin has heard of him from a victim he calls “friend”,
and as Ketin approaches to attack, Cutthroat warns him of his weapon
and the plot to make him see Cim and Ketin as different from himself.
Cutthroat knows there must be a trap door in the ceiling for
Mantru's amusement to cast those beneath him into a pit to do battle,
and declares the place “pretentious, unplanned, seemingly built on
whim, of parts stripped from better buildings put up long before it.
Childish.”</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Here Cutthroat notes that the
semi-humans walk on the side of the rooms and the humans like Mantru
and he walk in the middle. They climb into the throne room from the
opening in the ceiling, Ketin aiding them. They go to look for Ketin
and Cim's clothing. They escape into the city and the Min do not
pursue them. Cutthroat realizes that the city is a storage facility
with the builders once living on the surface. He finds Roller again
and orders him to find more working machines. The two he finds are
soon nicknamed Dragon and Bug. He sends them in to disassemble the
dwarf's castle and find clothes. The Min bargain with him to stop
the deconstruction. Here, Cutthroat goes against Cim's agreement
with them, saying “She is an animal … her word is not even
binding on herself, much less on me.” Mantru arrives and orders
the machines to stop: “We are the only ones left … you should not
have tried to destroy my home.”
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Cutthroat voices his displeasure at
being set up to fight Ketin, and Mantru claims his vizier was behind
it, though they knew Cutthroat could kill Ketin easily. Here Mantru
stutters in his desire for the future, and simply says that he hopes
a human woman will be brought that they can share. He notes that the
beasts are becoming more human.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Here Cutthroat challenges what the
dwarf wants (possibly to be fixed or to see the return of those who
have gone) and Mantru says, “If you laugh at me … I will kill
you.” He wants to crush the beasts and erect new cities to the
stars. At this point Cutthroat pulls up his tunic and the sight of
it angers Mantru, thinking that he is being abandoned by those he has
hoped and waited for. He attacks, and their staffs seem to telescope
and intertwine. Cutthroat notes the cold – probably because it is
powered by his body's own energy. His staff kills the dwarf and
drains Mantru. Cim and Ketin do not see the staves telescope, merely
the two men pointing at each other with them. The Min will build a
tomb for Mantru.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">They flee the city and return to the
outside, riding the machines. He orders the machines to close the
cave behind him. Ketin says that he will only follow their quest for
the Great Sleigh to kill food for them.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Cutthroat finally realizes that when he
speaks into the device he is communicating with the Great Sleigh. “I
do not understand why you will not speak to me, but it is enough to
know that you are there.”</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 11: Cutthroat dreams of being
injured by the Min's rocket and when he awakes the machine Bug no
longer functions. Ketin leaves to hunt for them after they find the
track of the Great Sleigh. He brings back a tall beautiful woman for
them to eat and wants none for himself. The hole in Cutthroat's suit
from the “vampire” bite allow cold into the entire suit and this
exacerbates his side wound.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 12: Ketin is gone and he hears the
sounds of the Wiggikki tracking song, though sung by another band.
He cannot run as fast as he did due to his injury. Cim eats the
woman's leg, but Cutthroat lives off the cubes taken from the city.
She praises his knife.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 13: Roller and Dragon freeze and
cease functioning. The Pamigaka Whiteapple joins them. People of the
tribes are talking about the quest of Cutthroat (supposedly followed
by monsters – the machines) for the Great Sleigh and he has
followed them. Cutthroat hears the someone walking in the night and
keeps his weapon nearby, though it is only the Wiggikki Crookedleg.
He hears breathing through the black box, and wonders, “Am I being
tested? If I pass, do the right thing, if only once, will you talk
to me then?”</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 14: The day seems subconsciously
significant to Cutthroat. He was plagued with terrible dreams of
killing the Min with the endieva wand and being hailed as king. In
the dream he struck over and over but the Min would not die. “I was
frantic and ashamed, guilty because I was killing someone who only
wished to be my friend – yet, at the same time, I wanted him to die
at once so that no one need know.” He realizes that the Great
Sleigh is picking up speed. He tells Cim and Whiteapple to go alone,
but they refuse, and Whteapple forages for herbs so they can eat.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">In the night Cim talks into the black
recorder and says that she loves him, but not as she could love
Fishcatcher, and that she does not wish to waste her life chasing the
Sleigh if they cannot overtake it soon, following too far where her
rivers and lakes will be gone from the possibility of return as the
tracks fade behind her. She leaves in the night.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 15: Cutthroat realizes Cim is gone
without a struggle and has taken the endieva wand. Cutthroat
speculates that the power of the staff has made him weak, that it
draws from some kind of vital life force and that this is responsible
too for Mantru's twisted small shape. Crookedleg comes and Cutthroat
is very pleased, though he only spent three days with the Wiggikki.
He reports that Cim was weeping as she left, and this causes
Cutthroat to wish her well. They proceed with Crookedleg's larger
sledge.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 16: Cutthroat calls this day the
happiest of his life, probably because he left the staff weapon
behind.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 17: In light of the increasing
warmth, Cutthroat and his group continue and have a feast of the
small cubes, herbs, and a snow monkey. When he cannot sleep,
Cutthroat goes outside and sees “a tremendous silvery cloud …
blotting out the stars … a reflector of bright, finely divided
metal dust wrapping the night side of the world. The false sun is
the reflection of the real sun”, reflecting its light back to the
planet.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 18: The temperature is above
freezing, and they eventually abandon their sledge. The water is
rapidly melting, and Cutthroat tries to explain to his companions
what is going on.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DAY 19: Cutthroat gets Crookedleg and
Whiteapple to go forward without him by showing fear that they will
eat him, though they have no intention to do so. He wants them to
reach the Sleigh and tell them of him, which will be “the next best
thing to having overtaken [it himself]”. He sees the false
reflected sun lying on his back. He also sees something large
coming, and finishes his narrative with “I know who you are now.
This small planet is round, and you have come back, and the time for
talking into this black box is over. I am going to talk to you face
to face. Who is that tall man with you? I think he has … wings?”</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">DISCUSSION:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">PROBLEMATIC NAMES: The names of the
tribes are a headache to some degree – some seem culled from
various Native American and other languages, but there seems no solid
“meaning” attached to the majority of them in a way that seems
unusual for Wolfe. For example, Ketin is Kurdish for fall, but a
random Kurdish word seems almost coincidental. The others look Native
American but are perhaps pulled from no set uniform linguistic
system. (Nash wonk appeared in a translation of the psalms as, I
think, He hath, but I am uncertain, and Pami and gaka signify “who”
and “wings” in different dialects, little of which makes cogent
sense and, I think, might justly be called reaching).
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Individual names are much more easy to
discuss, some obvious and some based on geology, with unusual ones
like Flashing Aa indicating a form of basaltic lava rock or the name
Firerock (problematic names include Red Kluy and Cim. Kluy are the
stone flowers found underground – is that another mineral name like
Firerock and Aa?) Incidentally, the cooking stones might perhaps be
similar to charcoal in their properties, and it seems that the Kluy
flowers underground might contribute to the warmth underground, given
the heating and cooking properties of these stones throughout the
story</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">THE IDENTITY OF CUTTHROAT:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Since Cutthroat begins as a cipher, it
seems that it is worthwhile to touch on who and what he is. Every
tribe accepts him almost as one of their own at first, especially the
Wiggikki. It is only when he grows facial hair that they realize he
is not just a juvenile of their tribe, but they still warn him to
leave. In light of the scar on his neck, there have been several
explanations posited for his amnesia. Since this is a totem story,
it certainly plays with some Native American ideas. One possible
translation for the Sioux tribe can mean “cut-throats”, though it
is also claimed that “little snakes” is another acceptable
translation. I really don't feel that Sioux history casts any light
on what is going on in the story, so we will leave this as a vague
association, though perhaps the Sioux Uprising is the most well
documented occurrence in our history of the tribe.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Back to the story, one of the first
things to consider, from his name, is that Cutthroat has actually
been cast out as a criminal, Cain style, from the Great Sleigh.
Borski's <i>Long and Short of It</i> spends most of its focus on
“Tracking Song” on this feature, indicating that he comes from
the eastern lands (east of Eden) and ponders the possibility that he
has been cast out as a criminal, then drawing parallels with the mark
on his neck with the mark that informs biblical people to not kill
Cain lest vengeance be revisited upon them seven fold. This does
resonate with the idea that in the event that an “enchanted person”
is killed, the enchantment will “flee up the weapon” to inflict
the killer. Borski reads the final winged man as the guardian to the
Garden of Eden, keeping the once-murderous Cutthroat from his earthly
paradise. (Borski makes much of the resemblance between Ketin and
Cutthroat, according to the Wiggikki, but does not mention that the
Pamigaka note his [and all inhabitants of the Great Sleigh's]
resemblance to the Wiggikki – perhaps because all of these tribes
are “semi-human” at this point – they see the echo of humanity
in Cutthroat). Despite these narrative resonances with the story of
Cain, Cutthroat's innate behavior is to shun consuming flesh and to
reconcile the different tribes as he casts off weapon after weapon,
so I have never considered this the best fit for his character.
However, he does dwell on the guilt of killing several other
semi-humans over the course of the narrative in his dreams, living
them over and over in dreams, and perhaps this is indicative of some
form of guilt, and does ponder if this is a test or he is a criminal.
Cutthroat deeply regrets the murders that he commits through
necessity over the course of the story, yet Borski's schema rather
precludes the idea of redemption. (I do think he is undergoing a
test, but not necessarily HIS test).</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">What of the scar? He resembles the
Wiggikki according to both the Pamigaka and Cim Glowing, and the
Pamigaka further assert that ALL the “men” of the Great Sleigh
resemble the Wiggiki, leading some Urth List speculation to posit
that Cutthroat is still below humans and is a raised version of the
domestic dog. (Yet as already said, to the Wiggiki he brings to mind
the lion Ketin). One explanation posits that “Tracking Song” is
a retelling of <i>The Call of the Wild</i>, with thematic inversions
(of course, we know the thematic reversal already exists in London's
own <i>White Fang</i>). (This conclusion would indicate that thus
those who run the Great Sleigh are semi-human dogs while the very
tall man with wings is the only true human/post-human). I do not feel
that Cutthroat's universal initial acceptance as human jives very
well with this approach. Perhaps his features and face were modified
slightly to wolf-like semi-humanity, however, possibly explaining the
scar – though not a good explanation.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"><i>Call of the Wild</i> features a dog
being called to the bestial savagery of the natural world in becoming
a wolf, and <i>White Fang</i>, its opposite, shows a wolf approaching
domestication. The cold setting, the noose around the neck of the
dog (the mark around Cutthroat's neck), a pack of wolves bringing
down prey, and several other resonances have been explored before on
the Urth List. (Matthew Groves delineates these narrative connections
here:
<a href="http://lists.urth.net/pipermail/urth-urth.net/2007-June/007757.html"><font color="#0066cc">http://lists.urth.net/pipermail/urth-urth.net/2007-June/007757.html</font></a>).
This reading of Tracking Song shows a progression away from animal
patterns into humanity as Cutthroat leaves each tribe and also
abandons their weapons, finally giving up even the weapons of “true”
men (It also shows a progression from tools of violence to abandoning
them).</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Taking it even further, Michael
Andre-Driussi at one point speculated that our narrator might be less
than human himself, but closer to human than the other animals (who
all consider themselves somewhat human anyway). One line of
speculation makes much of his resemblance to Kettin and the statement
Cim makes that Cutthroat could be one of the native semi-humans
rather than a member of the Great Sleigh. It seems unlikely that the
Great Sleigh has taken one semi-human sample, the child of the lion,
and altered it, given all the facts that Cutthroat subconsciously
remembers about being heavier on another world (higher gravity) and
how trees in reality were different than his ideal understanding of
trees. I believe the child of Ketin simply had to leave at maturity
to become nomadic, insufficient to challenge his father, as male
lions must at maturity.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">If Cutthroat is an emissary, a blank
slate whom the people of the Great Sleigh are using to test if there
is any chance that their creation is “good”, then his amnesia is
perhaps cultivated to see how the tribes will treat someone who has
no knowledge of the world. He has the tools necessary to record his
experiences and live, but no context at all. The test Cutthroat
ponders might not be his test at all, but that of the people he
encounters.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">My own conclusion is that he is meant
to be a mirror, probing the population of the planet for the
recolonization of true humans, perhaps but not necessarily altered
surgically to remove conscious memories and slightly modify his
features, but nevertheless he still grows facial hair and has the
means to remove them as well as a device which he intuitively
understands has some two way functionality for communication with
those in the Sleigh. They precede him and he then follows to see if
the natives are following the “laws” given by the Great Sleigh.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">The identity of the tall man with
wings: his height jives with the height of the natives of the planet,
and the turning to spring perhaps do indicate the time of the
bird-man, and in light of the fact that Cutthroat knows the people of
the Great Sleigh but not the tall man, it seems that he could be the
new native species symbolizing and suited to Spring. However, he
could just as easily be like a post-human angel a step above all that
has come before, towards a transcendent future.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">THE SYMBOLIC QUEST FOR THE
UNKNOWABLE/REDEMPTION</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Cutthroat spends all his time chasing
the Sleigh, and at times working with those around him while dwelling
on those he was forced to destroy. He casts aside the weapons one by
one, injured and ailing, until he sends the semi-humans forward to
meet the Sleigh without him, accepting his fate. It is only at that
point, against all narrative logic, that the Sleigh catches up to
him. Is this a metaphor for the spiritual world, chasing an
impossible ideal only to have it inexorably catch up with you and
appear from nowhere when life is done? It also seems that this works
with the silent nature of the Deity in our world: laws clearly
delineated to those who came before, but we ourselves never get to
see these miracles and instead, if we are so inclined, chase the
spiritual trail like a chimera, praying at times to a completely
silent God, when the only answer (whether we can comprehend it or
not) might come in death when we can go no further down the path.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">From a narrative standpoint, was
Cutthroat supposed to follow the Sleigh? In chasing the Sleigh, has
he unconsciously eliminated a feasible meeting point? It is possible
that he has abandoned his unknown mission, and that the Sleigh might
have picked him up (say, after 14 days) if he did not stray so far
from its natural path? Or does his excitement at the 14 days resonate
with the artificial warming satellite in the sky and its activation?</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">In allegorical terms, the theme of
brotherhood and understanding and a putting aside of weapons and a
cutthroat mentality are obvious, but are Cutthroat's distractions in
seeking out Cim and descending for three days into the abandoned city
necessary or extraneous and interfering?</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">THE TERRAFORMED PLANET</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">First we might as well get the basic
SFnal idea out in the open: Cutthroat was once heavier, has superior
technology, speaks the language, is surprised by the trees on the
planet but understands the idea of trees, and there is indication
atmospheric experiments are being used on the low gravity planet to
heat it from a cold wintery state to something more tolerable to
humanity. I feel that just as basic animals were raised to sentience
in “Sonya, Crane Wessleman, and Kittee” and “The Hero as
Werwolf” through genetic manipulation, these tribes are exactly the
same: terrestrially earthen in nature, but modified “up” in the
image of man as Kittee and the dog policeman were in their respective
Wolfe stories. They all speak a slight variation of the language
Cutthroat knows, and he understands intuitively how to use his
advanced technology, and even believes eventually that those on the
Sleigh are listening to his reports. His strength and shorter
stature from growing up on a higher gravity world certainly assure us
that he comes from the Sleigh and was probably sent to observe how
the tribes would react to a man. The other possibility is that he
was intentionally exiled for some transgression, but his intrinsic
actions lead us to believe that Cutthroat is misnamed. The creatures
are taller in all probability from being raised on this low gravity
environment.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">THE TOTEM PROGRESSION:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">As Wolfe said, this is a totem story
beginning in winter with the wolves who hunt as a pack, but who
accept Cutthroat as one of them, albeit a child. They use the
clubbow to hunt, with the women gathering the strange flowers under
the snow, and this system of choice meat being given to the most
successful hunter does not have the class stratification we see in
the later boar/Pamigaka people, who first apportion food to esteemed
guess and those of high social class, with social pariah's getting
little, as well as little protection from the others. We might as
well look at the basic associations of these animals, since Wolfe
brings it up in his Gordon interview.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">First, the Wiggiki – he begins by
being accepted as one of the pack, and the wolf totem implies being
guided or misguided by instinct. As Gene claims, it is a winter
symbol. It also indicates the need for freedom and a lack of trust in
someone or yourself. Once again I could find very little clear
derivation of the words, but the tracking song is repeated towards
the end of his search, the same song from a different tribe.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">The Wiggiki consume a deer, the
Lenizee. The totem deer invokes gentleness, innocence, and vigilance,
with the ability to change directions and regenerate. This sets
Cutthroat on a different path to some degree. The female lion
appears here, and the lion presages both strength and a threatening
event, which will be repeated with Ketin later as they forge an
alliance under the throne room of Mantru rather than kill each other.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">After this the Wigikki hunt down the
Nashwonk, with its long legs and branching chair weapon, like a many
pointed antler. The moose supposedly signifies movement and
acknowledges truth, and involves identity. Its crushing power
changes Firerock to Crookedleg, and after this Cutthroat must leave
the Wiggiki because of his facial hair, which he has tried to conceal
until this point. (The moose may also represent the equinox, where
the day and night are equal).</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">After this he encounters the more
rigidly structured pigs or boars, the Pamigaka. Boars can indicate
organization, endurance, and self reliance. Their social structure
is different than the Wiggikki, but more fair than the tyranny of
Mantru and his Min, who completely disregard the beasts as far
inferior to human.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">When he encounters Cim Glowing, as a
mink or otter, she represents the feminine principle and guidance,
togetherness, and playfulness. Cim comes from the water. However, in
reality minks are brutal in their mating, and her repeated striking
of Fishcatcher with the endieva wand, which she calls “poisoned”
is perhaps motivated by their brutality towards each other. She
eventually returns to the water before she forever risks losing her
natural environment.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">The warm cave begins the progression to
encountering both high technology and a debased remnant of humanity,
and his orders to the machines are to dismantle the social structure
Mantru has created with his half organic and half mechanical (or
mineral, I suppose) “Min”. (Sean Whalen once posited that this
story of the Min echoed the Native American myth of a bear living in
a cave with half its body made of flint, and that they were thus
bears, though I find it perhaps more thematically appealing if these
are minimized false men as their name phonetically implies, becoming
less and less human as the other animals have become more and more
human – they do not seem to be part and parcel of the beasts that
Mantru so resents). The vampires Cutthroat encounters in the cave
have blue eyes and stand on one leg to fish, and seem in that regard
more birdlike, approaching the spring totems that Wolfe spoke of in
the Gordon interview. Indeed, the cave is warm to the point of
making Cutthroat's atmospheric suit superfluous and uncomfortable. I
think they are more like herons or cranes, associated with a lesson
in self reliance, but herons are also associated with the underworld.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Finally, we end with a Pamigaka and
Wiggiki tribesman unified to go forward without Cutthroat, who has
even gotten the cooperation of the lion to hunt for him. This unity
leads to the final angelic vision of the Great Sleigh and the tall
man with wings, both the spring totem symbol and the rather
Judeo-Christian image of the higher world combined in a final
incredulous observation as Cutthroat knows that the time for talking
into his black box has ended, and that he can speak with those he has
sought in vain face to face.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">LITERARY ALLUSIONS:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">The Aenied</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">The opening poem is from the Fifth book
of Virgil's<i> Aeneid, </i><span style="font-style:normal">which, as
we know involves a long quest to establish a new homeland to the
disenfranchised losers of the Trojan War</span>:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"> <br>“Now is the seventh winter since
Troy fell, and we</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Still search beneath unfriendly stars,
through every sea</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">And desert isle, for Italy's retreating
strand.”</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">In context: the goddess Iris descends
during games being held at Sicily and takes the guise of the mortal
elderly Beroe to stir up the women, tired of traveling endlessly, and
declares that it is time to establish a new city and for them to stop
searching, that the remnants of Troy have wandered too long. She
incites them to grab brands and begin burning the ships, and they
recognize that she is too strong to be the mortal woman Beroe.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Since the ships are lost, save four,
Aeneas must leave many of his people there in Sicily to establish a
new city. Perhaps this echoes Cutthroat descending to the lower
species and being accepted as one of them as man prepares to make his
new home here on this planet. Of course, he also seeks after the
Sleigh interminably in much the same way those ships of the quote
sought Italy's retreating strand, and in the same way that the
machines, the min, and Mantru are waiting for something which may
never come. It could very well be that the goddess' masquerade as a
“lower” being is echoed as well.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">CONCLUSIONS</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">I feel that “Tracking Song” is a
theme story that can be extrapolated a bit in several directions.
First we have the basic facts: an amnesiac in an atmospheric suit is
dropped on a cold planet with a one way communicator to his
ostensible origin point. He immediately feels that “if someone
comes for me, and finds me dead, he will understand. I feel that
someone may, though I do not know why.” In other words, his innate
understanding of his mission is one tantamount to a suicidal one. The
Sleigh is going around indoctrinating the various tribes and testing
the idea of men returning and walking among them in harmony, as well
as instructing them on how to deal with the coming ecological
changes, so they have left a “guinea pig” behind to see how he is
treated. Every tribe/group speaks the same language and has a
similar body language for ascent, the touching of the chin, as does
this man, nicknamed Cutthroat because of the scar on his neck. They
have laws in place in addition to the new instructions from the Great
Sleigh, and these laws probably originated with those who raised each
tribe from animality in the first place.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">By the end, it is clear that the
machines respond to Cutthroat as a true man, as they do to the aptly
named dwarf “Mantru” – or “man true”, though he has been
twisted by his use of the staff’s power, according to Cutthroat’s
speculation. Thus, debased as Mantru is, he is not someone that has
been manipulated genetically from animality but a true descendent of
man. Cutthroat is the mirror through which the masters on the Sleigh
can look at the planet and see if their creation is “good”.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">RELIGIOUS ALLUSIONS:
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">At one point Damien Broderick
speculated that the significance Cutthroat felt on the 14<sup><font>th</font></sup>
day echoed the 14 stations of the cross, with a piercing of the suit
on the ninth day echoing the piercing of the side at the 9<sup><font>th</font></sup>
station (though in reality that occurs on the 8<sup><font>th</font></sup> day),
etc. However, the narrative continuing past this point to 19 days
problematizes this association. His conciliatory efforts between the
different tribes seems to portend a united effort for the future: the
different semi-human tribes are banding together to live under the
law and help one another, seeing all the different species as
“human”.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">He does descend into the cave for three
days before sealing it behind him.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">I do feel that the metaphor for a life
of seeking the higher is pretty clearly implicit in the quest of
Cutthroat for the ever retreating Sleigh – he cannot catch up with
it in seeking it. Beginning life as a blank slate, he comes to
understand nature and predation, the psychology of a hunting group,
the structure of classes, the totalitarian whims of a pathetic ruler,
all while seeking his ideal. His feminine ideal seems to have a
common goal for a time, but ultimately does not persevere to the
Sleigh. Only when he sends others forward and abandons himself to
never reaching his goal through death does he find it – much as a
person might search for answers all their lives only to have them
forever beyond their reach, though at the end it is the cycle of life
continuing and death that finds them individually.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">It is clear from the treatment
Cutthroat receives that cooperation amongst all these tribes is
possible and perhaps likely, and that they will welcome humans as one
of their own. Spring has come to the planet – beneath the caves it
is clear that the suit he wears was designed to make men comfortable,
an atmosphere the city maintains. The deep city cave is the only
place where his suit becomes uncomfortably warm, similar to the one
inside his suit.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in"> UNANSWERED QUESTIONS:<br>I believe
Cutthroat to be a true human, but is he? Has his head been altered to
look more like the natives, thus the scar? Has he been exiled for
some sin? From his natural character and following his instincts, I
would have to say no - his innate sense of fairness and good does not
indicate is intrinsically murderous, though he does dream of slaying
the Min and Mantru while he holds the weapon.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Is he really seeing the Great Sleigh?
I think his impending death has prompted them to return and the
Sleigh has accelerated greatly over the melting snow in light of his
obviously deteriorating conditions – it speeds up after he casts
aside the weapons.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">What is the significance of the 14<sup><font>th</font></sup>
day? Does he know that is how long the Sleigh should take to
circumnavigate the world if he stays in the same location instead of
seeking after it? Is it because he knows that on the 14<sup><font>th</font></sup>
day the heating of the world from the satellite in the sky that
reflects the sun will begin in earnest? Something else?</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">I feel that the rough mink-like mating
explains Cim's (double!) murder of Fishcatcher.
</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">Are the mineral-flower kluys in the
underground city a reaction to Cutthroat opening his suit? Probably
not – the Min seem to have washed and placed the flowers there for
the approaching visitor. Do they detect human life and “humidify”
the air to create a warm and welcoming environment, or just serve as
decoration? It seems that the import of Cutthroat opening his suit
is more likely that later Mantru fails to recognize him as a member
of the Great Sleigh until he pulls it on and says he is leaving,
inciting the murderous rage of the dwarf.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">CONNECTIONS TO OTHER WORKS:</p>
<p style="margin-bottom:0in">“Tracking Song” takes the science
fantasy approach Wolfe is most famous for in New Sun and casts it
back to the stone age, but the theme of mankind seeking to survive
after probable planetary desuetude and impoverishment is a pretty
ubiquitous theme in his far future fiction. I feel that this story
is in a definite moral dialog with “The Hero as Werwolf” and
“Silhouette”. The underground or twisted dwarf recurs in a few Wolfe stories as well.</p>
</div>