"There are no Roman citizens wandering around after all, and the Romans did not pick averns."<div><br></div><div>That is certainly true, but it could also be that Severian and the others cannot see the Romans for the same reason that the missionaries in the Jungle Garden couldn't really see Severian and Agia. Or maybe Severian could see Roman citizens, just didn't tell us about them. If there were actually more than one old boatman poling the lake, it could be that there were more than two, and that some of them were actually Romans. As for ancient Romans not picking averns, even though our primary sources about ancient Rome are plentiful, we can never be sure. Anyway, those are all only speculations. </div>
<div><br></div><div>"The pipe still has to have a purpose. Surely Wolfe did not include it simply because he was worried his readers would complain if he didn't explain the lake, nor to demonstrate the builders' skill in hydrology."</div>
<div><br></div><div>As little as I know about Wolfe, I feel you must be right. But maybe the pipe's purpose is only to give Juturna a way into the Lake, although I think it would be very much like Wolfe to give us such an early clue about the workings of time in Briah. It is obvious that he went to great lengths to make his readers identify this part of the Botanic Gardens with Lake Avernus.</div>
<div><br></div><div>"I want to add that the BNS Cumaean is old and creepy, while the Sibyl is portrayed as young and beautiful, even if she is the oldest and least beautiful of the Four Sibyls."</div><div><br></div>
<div>Right, but according to Wiki </div><div><br></div><div>[Cumean Sibyl] "<span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Although she was a mortal, the Sibyl lived about a thousand years. This came about when </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo" style="text-decoration:none;background-image:none;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px">Apollo</a><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> offered to grant her a wish in exchange for her virginity; she took a handful of sand and asked to live for as many years as the grains of sand she held. Later, after she refused the god's love, he allowed her body to wither away because she failed to ask for </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eternal_youth" title="Eternal youth" style="text-decoration:none;background-image:none;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px">eternal youth</a><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">. Her body grew smaller with age and eventually was kept in a jar (</span><i style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">ampulla</i><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">). Eventually only her voice was left (</span><i style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Metamorphoses</i><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> 14; compare the myth of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tithonus" title="Tithonus" style="text-decoration:none;background-image:none;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px">Tithonus</a><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">).</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference" style="line-height:1em;font-family:sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cumaean_Sibyl#cite_note-2" style="text-decoration:none;background-image:none;white-space:nowrap">[3]</a>"</sup></div>
<div><sup class="reference" style="line-height:1em;font-family:sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br></sup></div><div><sup class="reference" style="line-height:1em;font-family:sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
<span style="text-align:left;font-size:small">This calls to mind the Mandragora Severian finds in his suite in the Citadel, around the final pages of TCotA. Also, when Severian meets the witches in the Stone Town, the Cumean makes it clear she is quite old, though not as old as the mind she reaches for.</span>
</sup></div><div><font face="sans-serif"><span style="line-height:10px"><br></span></font></div><div><font face="sans-serif"><span style="line-height:10px"><br></span></font></div><div>"And then there is her serpentine appearance."</div>
<div><br></div><div>I can think of one reference to Greek mythology that could shed some light on that appearance. It is said that the Sibyls are sisters, and, according to Wikipedia:</div><div><br></div><div>[Delphic Sibyl] "<span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">The </span><b style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">Delphic Sibyl</b><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> was a legendary figure who made prophecies in the sacred precinct of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo" style="text-decoration:none;color:rgb(11,0,128);background-image:none;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px">Apollo</a><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> at </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi" style="text-decoration:none;color:rgb(11,0,128);background-image:none;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px">Delphi</a><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">, on the slopes of </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Parnassus" title="Mount Parnassus" style="text-decoration:none;color:rgb(11,0,128);background-image:none;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px">Mount Parnassus</a><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">. According to a late source, her mother was </span><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamia_(mythology)" title="Lamia (mythology)" style="text-decoration:none;color:rgb(11,0,128);background-image:none;background-color:rgb(255,255,255);font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px">Lamia</a><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)">, daughter of Poseidon.</span><sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference" style="line-height:1em;font-family:sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphic_Sibyl#cite_note-0" style="text-decoration:none;color:rgb(11,0,128);background-image:none;white-space:nowrap;background-repeat:initial initial">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference" style="line-height:1em;font-family:sans-serif;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delphic_Sibyl#cite_note-1" style="text-decoration:none;color:rgb(11,0,128);background-image:none;white-space:nowrap;background-repeat:initial initial">[2]</a></sup><span style="font-family:sans-serif;font-size:13px;line-height:19px;background-color:rgb(255,255,255)"> </span>"</div>
<div><br></div><div>So their mother is supposed to be Lamia who, in her turn, is identified with snakes and prophecy.</div>